The Implementation of Basketball Learning through TGT and PBL: Effects on Motivation and Critical Thinking in Adolescents Aged 15-18 Years
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17309/jltm.2025.6.3.01Keywords:
learning methods, basketball learning, high school students, physical educationAbstract
Objectives. This study aimed to examine and compare the effectiveness of two basketball instructional approaches – Team Games Tournament (TGT) and Problem-Based Learning (PBL) – in enhancing motivation and critical thinking among students aged 15–18.
Materials and Methods. The sample included 100 students (50 males and 50 females). A true experimental pretest–posttest control group design was used. Following initial skill-based screening, students were randomly assigned to either the TGT or PBL intervention group. Both programs were implemented over eight weeks (24 sessions). Instruments included a basketball skills test for participant selection, the Sport Motivation Scale II (SMS-II), and a dedicated instrument for assessing critical thinking. Data were analyzed using Multivariate Analysis of Covariance (MANCOVA) in SPSS 27.
Results. MANCOVA indicated no statistically significant multivariate differences between TGT and PBL on combined posttest motivation and critical thinking scores after adjustment for pretest values (F = 0.758, p = 0.471). Pretest motivation (F = 3.604, p = 0.031) and pretest critical thinking (F = 3.281, p = 0.042) were significant covariates. Subsequent univariate analyses also revealed no significant group differences for posttest motivation (F = 1.071, p = 0.303) or critical thinking (F = 0.460, p = 0.499).
Conclusions. Both instructional approaches effectively supported students’ motivation and critical thinking, with neither demonstrating statistical superiority. Future research should include a control group and explore potential moderating variables such as gender.
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Copyright (c) 2025 Trisnar Adi Prabowo, Mar'atul Afifah, Asyidika Vito Indarto, Achmad Zakaria, Zakwan Yumna Dhuha Pahlavi, Febriansyah Dwi Cahyo
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