MOTOR SKILLS IN THE STRUCTURE OF PHYSICAL FITNESS OF 7-YEAR-OLD BOYS

The purpose of this study was to determine the weight of motor skills in the structure of motor fitness of 7-year-old boys. Materials and methods. The study participants were 38 7-year-old boys. The children and their parents were informed about all the features of the study and gave their consent to participate in the experiment. The research methods used in the study include analysis of scientific and methodological literature, pedagogical observations, testing of motor fitness, probabilistic approach to assessing the learning process, methods of mathematical statistics. Results. The level of fitness of the 7-year-old boys is homogeneous by the development of “agility” and “movement coordination”, inhomogeneous – by the development of arm strength and vestibular stability. The 7-year-old boys’ motor fitness is determined by their physical development, the level of general physical fitness and the level of motor skills development. A graphic representation of a two-factor model of testing results shows that analysis identifies two sets of data with high correlation coefficients. The first set includes tests No. 2, 1, 4, and 5, which characterize physical development, agility and endurance; the second – the level of proficiency in exercises No. 14, 13, 12, and the result of test No. 7 “Mixed hang rope pull-ups”. Conclusions. Based on factor analysis, the study found that the level of proficiency in exercises determines the variation of testing results by 28.437%, and the development of motor skills is a priority in the educational process at primary school. The development of “agility” and “movement coordination” ensures the formation of motor skills, and the development of arm strength and vestibular stability is the reserve in training boys aged 7 which will make it possible to increase the effectiveness of the educational process.

However, further research is needed to determine the leading role of motor skills development in the educational environment at primary school.
The purpose of this study was to determine the weight of motor skills in the structure of motor fitness of 7-year-old boys.

Study Participants
The study participants were 38 7-year-old boys. The children and their parents were informed about all the features of the study and gave their consent to participate in the experiment.

Organization of the Study
The research methods used in the study include analysis of scientific and methodological literature, pedagogical observations, testing of motor fitness, probabilistic approach to assessing the learning process, methods of mathematical statistics.
The study recorded the primary schoolchildren's level of proficiency in gymnastic exercises. The coefficient was determined by the formula: p = (m/n)*100, where p is the level of proficiency, m is the number of successfully performed exercises, n is the total number of attempts to perform the exercise. In the experiment, the study controlled the level of proficiency in the following exercises: forward roll; backward roll; shoulderstand with bent legs.

Statistical Analysis
The study materials were processed using IBM SPSS 20 statistical analysis software. Factor analysis was performed. In the factor analysis, the study used the model of principal components with the rotation method: Varimax with Kaiser Normalization.
The study protocol was approved by the Ethical Committee of the University. In addition, the children and their parents or legal guardians were fully informed about all the features of the study, and a signed informed-consent document was obtained from all the parents. Table 1 shows the results of testing the 7-year-old boys' motor fitness.
The coefficient of variation in terms of the level of proficiency in the exercises "Forward roll"; "Backward roll"; "Shoulderstand with bent legs" varies between 17.95-20.34%.
Thus, the level of fitness of the 7-year-old boys is homogeneous by the development of "agility" and "movement coordination", inhomogeneus -by the development of arm strength and vestibular stability. Table 2 shows the results of factor analysis. The analysis identified four factors that explain 68.01% of the variation of results.
The first factor has a weight of 28.437%. With the factor, the greatest correlation is in the level of proficiency in exercises: No. 12 "Forward roll, level of proficiency" (r = 0.905); No. 13 "Backward roll, level of proficiency" (r = 0.853); No. 14 "Shoulderstand with bent legs, level of proficiency" (r = 0.825). The factor is called the level of proficiency in gymnastic exercises.
The second factor has a weight of 16.082%. With the factor, the greatest correlation is in: No. 3 "Standing long jump, cm" (r = 0.783); No. 4 "300 m running, s" (r = -0.763); No. 7 "Mixed hang rope pull-ups, times" (r = 0.826). The factor is called the level of general physical fitness. The third factor has a weight of 12.336%. With the factor, the greatest correlation is in: No. 1 "Height, cm" (r = 0.872); No. 2 "Body weight, kg" (r = 0.930); No. 10 "Maintenance of stable posture -standing on one leg with closed eyes, s" (r = 0.607). The factor is called physical development.
A graphic representation of a two-factor model of testing results shows that analysis identifies two sets of data with high correlation coefficients. The first set includes tests No. 2, 1, 4, and 5, which characterize physical development, agility and endurance; the second -the level of proficiency in exercises No. 14, 13, 12, and the result of test No. 7 "Mixed hang rope pull-ups" (see Fig. 1).
Thus, the 7-year-old boys' motor fitness is determined by physical development and the level of motor skills development.

Discussion
The paper assumed that motor skills occupy a prominent place in the structure of motor fitness of 7-year-old boys. The level of proficiency in exercises determines the variation of testing results by 28.437%. Thus, the study's findings make it possible to accept the research hypothesis on the leading role of motor skills development in the educational environment at primary school.
of arm strength and vestibular stability is the reserve in training boys aged 7 which will make it possible to increase the effectiveness of the educational process. The results of the study corroborate the data of Ivashchenko, Nosko, M., Nosko, Y., and Chernenko (2019), Kapkan, Khudolii, and Bartik (2019a), Kapkan, Khudolii, and Bartik (2019b) on the need to select learning technologies taking into account the peculiarities of motor abilities development.
One of such technologies is programmed learning. The feasibility of its use is indicated in the papers by Ivashchenko et al. (2017), Ivashchenko and Kapkan (2015), .

Conclusions
Based on factor analysis, the study found that the level of proficiency in exercises determines the variation of testing results by 28.437%, and the development of motor skills is a priority in the educational process at primary school.
The development of "agility" and "movement coordination" ensures the formation of motor skills, and the development of arm strength and vestibular stability is the reserve in training boys aged 7 which will make it possible to increase the effectiveness of the educational process.