MOTOR SKILLS IN PHYSICAL FITNESS STRUCTURE OF 8-YEAR-OLD GIRLS

The purpose of the study was to determine the priority of motor skills in the motor fitness structure of 8-year-old girls. Materials and methods. The study participants were 40 8-year-old girls. The children and their parents were informed about all the features of the study and gave their consent to participate in the experiment. The study used the following research methods: analysis of scientific and methodological literature, pedagogical observations, testing of motor fitness, probabilistic approach to assessing the learning process, methods of mathematical statistics. In the experiment, the study controlled the level of proficiency in the following exercises: “Shoulder stand”, “Bridge from supine position”, “One leg swing upward circle”. Results. The level of fitness of the 8-year-old girls is homogeneous by the development of “agility”, “movement coordination”, “speed strength”, and “endurance”; inhomogeneous – by the development of flexibility, arm strength, vestibular stability, and the level of proficiency. The most informative indicators that determine the level of the 8-year-old girls’ motor fitness are: No. 14 “One leg swing upward circle, level of proficiency” (r = 0.890); No. 7 “Mixed hang rope pull-ups, times” (r = 0.889); No. 13 “Bridge from supine position, level of proficiency” (r = 0.842). Conclusions. Based on factor analysis, it was found that the level of proficiency in exercises influences the variation of testing results, and the development of motor skills is a priority in the educational process at primary school. The level of proficiency in the exercises “Shoulder stand” and “One leg swing upward circle” shows that the exercises are difficult for 8-year-old girls to perform. Based on the data analysis, it can be argued that the comprehensive development of motor abilities ensures the formation of motor skills, and the improvement of the level of development of 8-year-old girls’ arm flexors and vestibular stability will positively influence the educational process effectiveness.


Introduction
The studies by Krutsevych (2012), Krutsevych, Napadii, and Trachuk (2014) elaborated on the concept of improving secondary school physical education programs and periodizing schoolchildren's physical training in the educational process.
However, further research is needed to determine the priority of motor skills development in the primary school educational environment.
The purpose of the study was to determine the priority of motor skills in the motor fitness structure of 8-year-old girls.

Study Participants
The study participants were 40 8-year-old girls. The children and their parents were informed about all the features of the study and gave their consent to participate in the experiment.

Organization of the Study
The study used the following research methods: analysis of scientific and methodological literature, pedagogical observations, testing of motor fitness, probabilistic approach to assessing the learning process, methods of mathematical statistics.
The study recorded the indicators of height (cm), body weight (kg), and the results in tests No. 3 "Standing long jump, cm", No. 4 "Middle-and long-distance running. 300 m running, s", No. 5 "30 m sprint running from a standing start, s", No. 6 "Seated forward bend, cm", No. 7 "Mixed hang rope pull-ups, times", No. 8 "Shuttle run 4×9 m, s", No. 9 "Combined movements of arms, torso and legs, points", No. 10 "Maintenance of stable posture -standing on one leg with closed eyes, s", No. 11 "Walking along straight line after 5 rotations, deviations in cm".
The study recorded the primary schoolchildren's level of proficiency in gymnastic exercises. The coefficient was determined by the formula: p = (m/n)×100, where p is the level of proficiency, m is the number of successfully performed exercises, n is the total number of attempts to perform the exercise. In the experiment, the study controlled the level of proficiency in the following exercises: "Shoulder stand", "Bridge from supine position", "One leg swing upward circle".

Statistical Analysis
The study materials were processed using the IBM SPSS 20 statistical analysis software. Factor analysis was performed. In the factor analysis, the study used the model of principal components with the rotation method: Varimax with Kaiser Normalization.
The study protocol was approved by the Ethical Committee of the University. In addition, the children and their parents or legal guardians were fully informed about all the features of the study, and a signed informed-consent document was obtained from all the parents. Table 1 shows the results of testing the 8-year-old girls' motor fitness.
The coefficient of variation in terms of the level of proficiency in the exercises "Shoulder stand, level of proficiency" and "One leg swing upward circle, level of proficiency" shows that the exercises are difficult to perform. Thus, the level of fitness of the 8-year-old girls is homogeneous by the development of "agility", "movement coordination", "speed strength", and "endurance"; inhomogeneous -by the development of flexibility, arm strength, vestibular stability, and the level of proficiency. Table 2 shows the results of factor analysis. The analysis identified five factors that explain 74.253% of the variation of results.
The first factor has a weight of 16.411%. With the factor, the greatest correlation is in the level of proficiency in exercise No. 14 "One leg swing upward circle, level of proficiency" (r = 0.640); tests No. 7 "Mixed hang rope pull-ups, times" (r = 0.721); No. 3 "Standing long jump, cm" (r = 0.716). The factor is called the level of proficiency in gymnastic exercises that require a complex demonstration of strength.
The second factor has a weight of 15.359%. With the factor, the greatest correlation is in: No. 12 "Shoulder stand, level of proficiency" (r = -0.733); No. 11 "Walking along straight line after 5 rotations, deviations in cm" (r = 0.811). The factor is bipolar, on the one hand, the lower the level of proficiency, the greater the influence of the factor; on the other -reducing the error in vestibular stability reduces the influence of the factor, which points to the influence of vestibular stability on the level of proficiency in acrobatic exercises. The factor is called vestibular stability.
The fourth factor has a weight of 14.694%. With the factor, the greatest correlation is in: No. 7 "Mixed hang rope pull-ups, times" (r = 0.566); No.14 "One leg swing upward circle, level of proficiency" (r = 0.510). The factor is called strength fitness.
The fifth factor has a weight of 12.537%. With the factor, the greatest correlation is in test: No. 10 "Maintenance of stable posture -standing on one leg with closed eyes, s" (r = -0.538). The factor is called vestibular stability.
The analysis of similarities made it possible to identify the most informative indicators that determine the level of motor fitness of the 8-year-old girls: No.14 "One leg swing upward circle, level of proficiency" (r = 0.890); No. 7 "Mixed hang rope pull-ups, times" (r = 0.889); No. 13 "Bridge from supine position, level of proficiency" (r = 0.842).
The graphic representation of a two-factor model of testing results shows that the analysis identifies two sets of data with high correlation coefficients. The first set includes tests No. 14, 3, and 7, which characterize the level of proficiency in gymnastic exercises, speed and relative strength; the second one includes tests No. 11, 12, and 13, which characterize vestibular stability and the level of proficiency in gymnastic exercises (see Fig. 1).
Thus, the 8-year-old girls' motor fitness is determined, on the one hand, by the level of development of arm strength and the level of proficiency in strength gymnastic exercises; on the other hand, by vestibular stability and the level of proficiency in acrobatic exercises.

Discussion
The paper assumed that motor skills occupy a leading place in the motor fitness structure of 8-year-old girls. So, the level of proficiency in exercises determines the variation of testing results by 16.411%. Thus, the study's findings make it possible to accept the research hypothesis on the leading role of motor skills development in physical education classes at primary school.
The analysis of the coefficients of variation points to heterochrony in the development of the 8-year-old girls' motor abilities. The level of proficiency in exercises No. 12 and 14 indicates that the exercises are difficult for 8-year-old girls to perform. Based on the data analysis, it can be argued that the comprehensive development of motor abilities ensures the formation of motor skills, and the improvement of the level of development of 8-year-old girls' arm flexors and vestibu-  1. The graphic representation of a two-factor model of testing results: 1 -height (cm), 2 -body weight (kg), 3 -"Standing long jump (cm)", 4 -"Middle-and long-distance running. 300 m running (s)", 5 -"30 m sprint running from a standing start (s)", 6 -"Seated forward bend (cm)", 7 -"Mixed hang rope pull-ups (times)", 8 -"Shuttle run 4×9 m (s)", 9 -"Combined movements of arms, torso and legs (points)", 10 -"Maintenance of stable posture -standing on one leg with closed eyes (s)", 11 -"Walking along straight line after 5 rotations (deviations in cm)", 12 -"Shoulder stand, level of proficiency", 13 -"Bridge from supine position, level of proficiency", 14 -"One leg swing upward circle, level of proficiency" lar stability will positively influence the educational process effectiveness.
The obtained results supplement the data on the relationship between the level of proficiency in gymnastic exercises and the level of development of strength and vestibular stability (Ivashchenko, Berezhna, & Cieślicka, 2020;Ivashchenko & Sirichenko, 2020). As with 7-year-old girls, there is considerable variation in the development of flexibility, arm strength, and vestibular stability. Similarly, based on factor analysis, it was found that the level of proficiency in exercises affects the variation of testing results, and the development of motor skills is a priority in the educational process at primary school; the development of vestibular stability ensures the formation of motor skills, and the level of general physi-cal fitness is the reserve in training 7-year-old girls that will improve the educational process effectiveness (Ivashchenko & Sirichenko, 2020).
The results of factor analysis confirm the integrity of the process of motor skills formation and motor abilities development in children, give the opportunity to determine the direction of motor abilities development Ivashchenko, Iermakov, Khudolii, Cretu, & Potop, 2017).
Thus, the 8-year-old girls' motor fitness is determined, on the one hand, by the level of development of arm strength and the level of proficiency in strength gymnastic exercises; on the other hand, by vestibular stability and the level of proficiency in acrobatic exercises.

Conclusions
Based on factor analysis, it was found that the level of proficiency in exercises influences the variation of testing results, and the development of motor skills is a priority in the educational process at primary school.
The level of proficiency in the exercises "Shoulder stand" and "One leg swing upward circle" shows that the exercises are difficult for 8-year-old girls to perform. Based on the data analysis, it can be argued that the comprehensive development of motor abilities ensures the formation of motor skills, and the improvement of the level of development of 8-yearold girls' arm flexors and vestibular stability will positively influence the educational process effectiveness.